UNIVERSAL OLD AGE PENSIONS. 437

In Poverty---“ Primary ”1          7,230 
“Secondary”                        13,072
Working Classes above Poverty Line 26,452
Persons in Public Institutions     2,932 
Domestic Servants    .....         4,296 
Servant-Keeping. Class ....        21,830
                  Total Population 75,812

   In this classification, persons in the workhouse and in almshouses were included amongst those in public institutions, but for our present consideration the number of these persons should be added to those living “ in poverty.”
   On July 1, 1899, there were 145 persons in almshouses² and 467 persons in the York Workhouse (not including 25 from outlying districts).

Their age distribution was as follows :---          
                                   Number. Per Cent.
Under 1 year    .                        8 1-3      
1 year and under 5 years   18                 2.9   
5 years    „    15 ,,      69              ii-3     
15 ,,       ,,     65 >>   218             35-7     
65 years and over          •   299         48. S    
                           612             100.0    

   1 For definitions of“ Primary ” and “ Secondary” Poverty, see p. 117-
   ²    It should be remembered that many of those in almshouses are comfor -ably off, but it is probable that they would have been living below the Poverty Line had they not been in receipt of this charity. In the figures which follow, pauper lunatics in asylums have not been included among those living below the Poverty Line, but retained among those in public institutions.