A. Novaresio

Table 1. The variables
Variable
EMPL_OEMs

Definition
Level of total employment (number
of persons engaged) in the core
automotive industry
(Original
Equipment
Manufacturers)

Source
OECD
STAN dataset

Literature
Employment
innovation
literature

EMPL_EQUIP

Level of total employment (number
of persons engaged) in the
automotive suppliers’ industry

OECD
STAN dataset

Employment
innovation
literature

and

Dependent
var.

LABOUR_PROD_OEMs

Level of labour productivity in the
core automotive industry (Original
Equipment Manufacturers)

OECD
STAN dataset

Employment
literature

and

Dependent
var.

LABOUR_PROD_EQUIP

Level of labour productivity in the
automotive suppliers’ industry

OECD
STAN dataset

Employment
literature

Dependent
var.

GREEN_INNO_TRANSPORT

Total number of green patents in the
transport sector - climate change
mitigation technologies related to
transportation
Total number of green patents
related to the improvement of
Internal Combustion Engine
Total number of green patents
related to the Hybrid Electric
Vehicles
Total number of green patents
related to the Battery Electric
Vehicles
Level of business expenditures in
R&D of the core automotive
industry (Original Equipment
Manufacturers)
Level of business expenditures in
R&D of the automotive suppliers’
industry
Level of production in the core
automotive industry (Original
Equipment Manufacturers)
Level of production in the
automotive suppliers’ industry

ENV- OECD
iLibrary

Green innovation
literature

Explanatory
variable

ENV- OECD
iLibrary

Green innovation
literature

Explanatory
variable

ENV- OECD
iLibrary

Green innovation
Literature

Explanatory
variable

OECD
STAN dataset
OECD
STAN dataset

Green innovation
literature

Explanatory
variable

Innovation
literature

Control
variable

OECD
STAN dataset
OECD
STAN dataset
OECD
STAN dataset
OECD
STAN dataset

Innovation
literature

Control
variable

Innovation
literature

Control
variable

Innovation
literature

Control
variable

Employment
literature

Control
variable

Employment
literature

Control
variable

Innovation
literature

Control
variable

Innovation
literature

Control
variable

Innovation
literature

Control
variable

Innovation
literature
Innovation
literature

Control
variable
Control
variable

GREEN_ICE_ADJ

HYBRID_ADJ

ELECTRIC_ADJ

BERD_AUTO

BERD_EQUIP

PROD_AUTO

PROD-EQUIP

WAGES_AUTO

WAGES_EQUIP

CAR_SALES

Level of the exports from the
automotive industry - exports from
j country to the rest of the world
Level of imports from the
automotive industry – imports from
j country to the rest of the world
Number of car sales in the country

POP

Number of population (in thousand)

OECD
STAN dataset
OECD
STAN dataset
OECD
STAN dataset
OECD
STAN dataset
OECD Stat

GDP_PC

Gross Domestic Product per capita

OECD Stat

EXPORT_AUTO

IMPORT_AUTO

Source: author’s elaboration.

8

Level of the wages in the core
automotive industry
(Original
Equipment
Manufacturers)
Level of the wages of the
automotive suppliers’ industry

and

Role
Dependent
var.