The company who is organizing the meeting today is one of the
leaders in terms of innovative processes for producing
Titanium. Other details on that can be found in the book that I
mentioned earlier. One process which we, at the United States
Airforce, have been interested in, is the AlbanyeTitanium

process (fig. 12).

It is a process in which fluorination is followed by a
reduction in a Zinc—bath, by Aluminum, and finally a
distillation step to produce a Titanium powder, or Sponge, or
even an alloy powder which does not contain the remnant Sodium
or Magnesium salts that the Kroll or Hunter process do. It is
still an experimental process, and only small amounts of

material have been produced at this point.

Melting of Titanium is an area where a lot of work has been
done in the last few years particularly because of the concern
with defects, in particular the socalled Typefl defect which is
an alpha—stabilized defect (particularly stabilization with the
elements Oxygen and Nitrogen) (fig. 13). Because of this, there
has been a lot of attention paid to other techniques beyond the
consumable electro—techniques including those shown in fig. 14
particularly Electronebeam and plasmaàechniques although it is
recognized that with either one of those techniques the melting
of Titanium will be more expensive than with the Vacuum Arc
Remelting technique.

There have been other techniques investigated such as
Tnductoslag sligh techniques developed at the Bureau of Mines
in Albany, Oregon, and more recently commercialized by the
Duriron Company in Dayton, Ohio. This technique probably being
more applicable to small castings rather than the production

of Ingots .

I will not cover welding or corrosion today but as I said those
are also covered in the book that I mentioned earlier and

which is available from the Titanium Development Association,